Diabetes is a chronic disorder which occurs as a result of insulin sensitivity or resistance in the body. It is metabolic disorder which results in increased blood glucose level. Insulin helps in the maintenance of blood sugar level and any impairment will lead to increased blood glucose level.

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Age, genetic factors, change in life style, less physical activity, any metabolic disease, increased weight, trauma etc are some of the factors which cause diabetes. There are three main types of diabetes. The first type is called as Type I diabetes or Insulin dependent diabetes in which there is no less insulin or no secretion of insulin due to destruction of beta cells by birth itself. The second type diabetes is Type II diabetes or non insulin dependent diabetes. In this type there is reduced up take of insulin by cells. Gestational diabetes where the pregnant lady have increased blood glucose at the last trimester, which usually disappears after delivery in most of the cases.

Increased level of glucose level in blood, increased appetite, sudden weight loss, frequent urination and thirst, general fatigue, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, prolonged wound heeling etc are some of the early symptoms of diabetes if untreated. Sometimes infection occurs in bladder, skin and vaginal areas. Diabetes also leads to kidney failure, eye damage, abdominal disturbance, nerve damage etc. In case of increased glucose level it leads to blurred vision, lethargy, ketosis and coma.

It is diagnosed by doing blood test like random test, fasting sugar level test, Glucose tolerance test etc. Ketoacidosis, abdominal pain, shock, coma and death are some of the complication associated with untreated diabetes.

Doing proper necessary changes in life style, eating well balanced foods, eating frequent meals instead of large meals, sticking on to proper meal timings and regular physical activity will help to manage diabetes mellitus.